礦井通風畢業設計論文

摘 要
隨著煤礦工業的發展，安全生產已經成為其中重要的部分。為確保煤礦的安全生產，對煤礦的安全設計十分重要。根據平崗煤礦的實際情況，結合目前安全生產技術，對平崗煤礦進行了安全設計。設計針對煤礦常見的安全問題，如水、火、煤塵、瓦斯、頂板等災害，分析災害發生的原因，設計具體的災害預防措施及安全保障措施，以達到防止事故發生或減少事故發生概率，降低事故造成傷害的目的。根據平崗煤礦開拓方式和地質構造，選擇了合理的通風係統，對采掘工作麵及硐室通風，井下通風設施和構築物等進行設計，選擇了安全逃生路線，分析了礦井通風係統的合理性和可靠性。

針對平崗煤礦的粉塵災害，從防塵措施、防爆措施和隔爆措施三個方麵進行了安全設計。對於瓦斯災害防治，設計采取了以瓦斯抽放為主及一些防爆、隔爆安全措施。在火災防治方麵，分別設計了煤自然火災防治措施及外因火災防治措施。

通過對平崗煤礦水文地質資料的分析，設計了相應的水災防治安全措施。同時建立一套完善的安全監測與監控體係，對各種災害形式進行嚴密的監控，在災害發生前將事故處理，確保生產能夠安全高效的進行，同時達到無安全事故、無人員傷亡的理想狀態。同時還設計了頂板災害、運輸係統災害、電氣事故災害的安全措施。

關鍵詞: 安全條件 粉塵防治 瓦斯防滅火 安全監測

Abstract
Along with the coal industry development，the safety in productionalready becameimportant part.In orderto guaranteethe coal min thesafety in production，isextremely important to the coal mine safe design. According to the Pinggang coal mine the actual situation ，with the current production safety technology . The Pinggang have conducted a pair of safety design. Mine design against common security probl. Such as water，fire coal dust，gas，roof and other disasters.Analysis of the causes of disasters .Accordingtocoalmine development way and geologic structure，has chosen the reasonable ventilation system，To excavates the working surface and the room ventilates，mine pit the facility and the construction and so on carry on thedesign，Chose safely escaped the route suddenly draft equipment，has analyzed mine pit the system rationality and the reliability.

In view of Pinggang coal mine dust disaster. From the dust prevention，the explosion-proof measure and separatedexplodes the measure three aspects to carry on the safe design.Prevents and controls regarding the gas disaster， the design adoptedtothe gas haspulled out puts primarilyandsome explosion-proofs，separates explodes the security measure.Prevents and controls the aspect at the fire， separately designed thecoal natural fire to preventand control the measure and the externalfactor fire prevents and controls the measure.

Through defends the coal mine hydrology geological data to the eastthe analysis，has designed the corresponding flood preventing andcontrolling security measure.

ltaneously establishes set of perfect safe monitors and the monitoring system，carries on the strict monitoring to each kind ofdisaster form before，occurs at the disaster processes the accident，guarantees the production to be able safe highly effective carryingon，simultaneously achieves the non- security accident，the non-personnel casualty's perfect condition.In addition also has designed the roof disaster， the transportationsystem disaster， the electrical accident disaster security measure.

Keywords: Safety-conditions Dust-control GasFire-fighting Safety Monitoring

目錄
摘 要............................................................................................................................. I

Abstract....................................................................................................................... II

目錄............................................................................................................................ IV

第1章 礦井概況及安全條件...................................................................................... 1

1.1 井田概況........................................................................................................ 1

1.1.1地理位置................................................................................................ 1

1.1.2主要自然災害........................................................................................ 1

1.1.3礦區開采現狀......................................................................................... 1

1.2 安全條件...................................................................................................... 2

1.2.1地質特征................................................................................................ 2

1.2.3煤層及煤質............................................................................................ 2

1.3 礦井生產情況............................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 工程性質........................................................................................... 3

1.3.2井田開拓與開采................................................................................ 3

1.3.3提升、通風、排水和壓縮空氣設備................................................ 4

1.3.4 井上下主要運輸設備....................................................................... 5

1.3.5工業場地布置特征、防洪排澇、地麵建築及煤柱........................ 5

1.3.6供電及通訊........................................................................................ 6

1.3.7給水、排水和采暖通風及供熱........................................................ 6

1.3.8技術經濟............................................................................................ 7

第2章 礦井通風........................................................................................................ 11

2.1 概 況............................................................................................................. 11

2.2礦井通風......................................................................................................... 11

2.2.1現礦井各采區風量計算......................................................................... 11

2.2.2風量選擇.............................................................................................. 12

2.3現有通風方式及通風係統................................................................................ 15

2.3.1現有風井數目、位置、服務範圍及服務時間.......................................... 15

2.3.2采掘工作麵及硐室通風......................................................................... 15

2.3.3井下通風設施及構築物布置.................................................................. 15

2.3.4安全逃生途徑....................................................................................... 15

2.3.5通風設備及反風.................................................................................... 16

2.3.6礦井風量、風壓及等積孔...................................................................... 17

第3章 粉塵災害防治................................................................................................. 18

3.1 粉 塵......................................................................................................... 18

3.2 防塵措施...................................................................................................... 19

3.2.1防塵措施.............................................................................................. 19

3.2.2采掘工作麵除塵............................................................................... 19

3.2.3井下消防........................................................................................... 20

3.2.4防爆措施........................................................................................... 21

3.3 隔爆措施...................................................................................................... 22

3.3.1隔爆措施.............................................................................................. 22

3.3.2隔爆水棚（水袋）................................................................................ 23

3.4 礦井地麵生產係統防塵................................................................................... 24

第4章 瓦斯災害防治................................................................................................. 25

4.1 瓦 斯......................................................................................................... 25

4.2 防爆措施........................................................................................................ 25

4.2.1防止瓦斯積聚................................................................................... 25

4.2.2巷道局部積聚瓦斯的處理............................................................... 25

4.2.3防止瓦斯爆炸或窒息............................................................................. 25

4.3　隔爆措施...................................................................................................... 26

4.3.1隔爆措施........................................................................................... 26

4.3.2隔爆水袋........................................................................................... 26

第5章 礦井防滅火.................................................................................................... 27

5.1 概 況............................................................................................................. 27

5.2 井下外因火災防治........................................................................................ 27

5.2.1井下機電設備硐室防火措施.................................................................. 27

5.2.3井下電纜.............................................................................................. 27

5.2.4井下電氣設備的各種保護...................................................................... 27

5.2.5井下電氣設備的檢查、維護、修理和調整。.......................................... 28

5.2.6其它火災的防治措施及裝備.................................................................. 28

5.2.7井下主要機電設備硐室及防火構築物.................................................... 29

5.2.8消防滅火裝備....................................................................................... 29

5.2.9開采方麵的措施.................................................................................... 29

5.3 礦井瓦斯抽放係統........................................................................................ 29

5.3.1平崗礦瓦斯賦存情況............................................................................. 29

5.3.2平崗礦瓦斯抽排係統............................................................................. 29

5.3.3監控監測係統................................................................................... 30

5.3.4安全監測監控係統的結構............................................................... 31

5.3.5傳感器選擇....................................................................................... 31

第6章 礦井防治水................................................................................................... 34

6.1 礦井水文安全條件分析................................................................................... 34

6.1.1礦井開采水文地質情況................................................................... 34

6.1.2礦井充水因素及特征....................................................................... 34

6.2 礦井防治水措施........................................................................................... 35

6.2.1礦井開拓、開采所采取的安全保證措施....................................... 35

6.2.2井下探放水措施............................................................................... 35

6.2.3地表水防治措施及工程................................................................... 36

6.3 井下防治水安全設施...................................................................................... 36

6.3.1排水設施........................................................................................... 36

6.3.2選型計算........................................................................................... 37

6.3.3防水設施........................................................................................... 37

第7章 井下其它災害防治.......................................................................................... 38

7.1 頂板災害防治及裝備...................................................................................... 38

7.1.1礦山壓力顯現基本因素分析.................................................................. 38

7.1.2一般頂板冒落災害的防治措施及裝備.................................................... 38

7.2 爆炸材料庫................................................................................................. 39

7.3 電氣事故防治措施及設備............................................................................. 40

7.3.1供電線路及地麵變電所事故防治措施........................................... 40

7.3.2防止電氣設備引起的瓦斯燃燒、瓦斯爆炸和觸電等事故的措施 40

專題 礦井安全監測監控........................................................................................... 43

結論............................................................................................................................. 47

致謝............................................................................................................................. 48

參考文獻...................................................................................................................... 49

附錄1.......................................................................................................................... 50