軟件簡介: |
摘 要
隨著近年來露天煤礦的開發和開采,礦用液壓挖掘機也隨之發展。無論新建礦山還是老礦山技術改造,已采用液壓挖掘機。它具有重量輕、行動速度快、機動靈活、調度速度快、作業率高;售價低、投資少、機械更新快;傳動係統簡單、平穩可靠、維修保養方便;操作省力、工作環境好;液壓元件壽命長、可靠性高等,比機械挖掘機又更多優點。所以在露天開采中得到了廣泛的應用,已經成為了露天礦開采和生產中不可缺少的一部分機械,而在挖掘機的使用過程中,不免會發生一些故障和使用問題,因此,我們需要對其進行具體分析,來減少故障的發生,保證挖掘機長時間工作,滿足煤礦生產的需要。
本文通過對挖掘機結構及液壓係統工作原理簡單分析,介紹了挖掘機的工作方法,及挖掘機對液壓係統的要求,並且介紹了挖掘機在工作中應注意的各種事項,安全操作方法,也簡單的對挖掘機在使用過程中遇到的故障進行分析並且排除,介紹了一些品牌挖掘機,這樣,可以對挖掘機有進行更好的選擇。
關鍵詞:挖掘機;故障;排除;分析;維護
Abstract
Summary with the development and exploitation of open-pit coal mines in recent years, hydraulic excavator for mining is development. Technical transformation of both new mine and the old mine, had hydraulic excavators. It has a light weight, speed and flexibility of action, scheduling, speed, high operation rate; low price, low investment, mechanical updates faster; transmission system simple, smooth and reliable, easy maintenance; operation effort, good working environment; hydraulic components of long life and high reliability than mechanical excavators and much more. So has been widely used in open pit mining, has become an integral part of the open-pit mining and production machinery, and in the process of excavator used, some failures and use problems will inevitably occur, so we need to be specific analysis, to reduce the incidence of failure, ensure the excavator to work long hours, meeting the needs of mine production.
This article by on excavator structure and the hydraulic system work principle simple analysis, describes has excavator of work method, and the excavator on hydraulic system of requirements, and describes has excavator in work in the should note of various matters, security operation method, also simple of on excavator in using process in the encountered of fault for analysis and excluded, describes has some brand excavator, such, can on excavator has for better of select.
Keywords: excavator; failure; clearing; analysis; maintain
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第 1 章 礦用挖掘機的結構和原理 1
1.1 挖掘機簡史 1
1.2 生產發展情況 2
1.3 液壓挖掘機的整機性能 2
1.3.1 動力係統 3
1.3.2 機械係統 3
1.3.3 液壓係統 3
1.3.4 控製係統 3
1.4 挖掘機工作原理 4
1.5 挖掘機分類 4
1.6 挖掘機工作裝置 5
1.6.1 反鏟 5
1.6.2 反鏟鬥 6
第 2 章 單個挖掘機液壓係統 8
2.1 基本要求 8
2.1.1 液壓係統要求 8
2.1.2 類型 9
2.2 雙泵雙回路定量係統 9
2.2.1 挖掘機的液壓係統原理圖 10
2.2.2 雙泵雙回路定量係統工作原理 11
2.3 液壓係統中幾種低壓回路的作用 12
第 3 章 液壓挖掘機常見故障實例分析及排除 13
3.1 機械故障實例 13
3.1.1 整機全部動作故障 13
3.1.2 單個動作故障 14
3.2 挖掘機不能啟動 15
3.2.1 電氣係統故障 15
3.2.2 發動機油路故障 15
3.3 液壓挖掘機工作無力 16
3.4 挖掘機行走跑偏 17
3.4.1 液壓泵故障 17
3.4.2 行走馬達安全閥漏油 17
3.4.3 挖掘機器向一側跑偏 17
3.5 液壓挖掘機液壓油的選用及更換 17
第 4 章 液壓挖掘機行走操作及注意事項 19
結論 21
致謝 22
參考文獻 23 |